Andrews, Arlyn: NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (Project Lead)
Hu, Lei: NOAA / CIRES (Co-Investigator)
Michalak, Anna: Carnegie Institution for Science (Co-Investigator)
Miller, John: NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (Co-Investigator)
Project Funding:
2014 - 2018
NRA: 2014 NASA: Carbon Monitoring System
Funded by NASA
Abstract:
We propose a single follow-on proposal combining our projects North American Regional-Scale Flux Estimation and Observing System Design for the NASA Carbon Monitoring System (A. Andrews, PI) and In situ CO2-based evaluation of the Carbon Monitoring System flux product (J. Miller, PI) awarded under the 2012 CMS solicitation. Both projects leveraged available in situ measurements of CO2 and used high-resolution regional inverse modeling tools to quantify CO2 fluxes on regional scales and to investigate consistency among in situ and remote sensing datasets. Under the first project, we incorporated remote sensing measurements of CO2 into CarbonTracker-Lagrange, a NOAA-led effort to implement a regional inverse modeling framework for North America that uses footprints from a suite of Lagrangian transport models and a flexible inversion scheme with geostatistical and Bayesian capability. The inversions conducted for this project complement the CMS Flux Pilot estimates, because they are obtained for a regional domain and at higher resolution (1o), using different transport models (i.e. Lagrangian vs. Eulerian), augmented CO2 data sets (in situ and remote sensing), and using explicit matrix inversions rather than a data assimilation approach. Footprints (surface influence functions) for over 3 million ground-based, airborne, and satellite receptors were computed and are being made available to the research community. The second project used in situ atmospheric CO2 data, globally and with a South American focus, to evaluate products from the CMS Flux Pilot project. The South American component of the project focused on comparing CMS modeled CO2 concentrations with observed vertical profiles from aircraft above the Brazilian Amazon, a critically important yet under-sampled region where extensive cloud and aerosol contamination limit the usefulness of satellite data. Here we propose to refine and further develop the Lagrangian inversion framework and to complete the on-going flux inversions for North America and South America, leveraging datasets collected under the North American Carbon Program and through our partnerships with researchers in Brazil and taking into account uncertainties caused by satellite retrieval errors and model inadequacies, such as errors in simulated atmospheric transport and limitations of current inversion approaches. As detailed below, the proposed work will make heavy use of NASA assets, including TCCON and the upcoming OCO-2 XCO¬2 and chlorophyll fluorescence observations along with NASA remote sensing data products describing land cover and vegetation. We will also use and evaluate NASA model products (e.g., MERRA transport fields and the CMS Flux Product), thus strengthening links to NOAA’s CarbonTracker effort and supporting the development of an integrated Carbon Monitoring System. The proposed work will develop strategies for incorporating diverse CO2 observations and quantifying fluxes at scales relevant for Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) and quantifying uncertainties of CMS products.
Publications:
Hu, L., Andrews, A. E., Thoning, K. W., Sweeney, C., Miller, J. B., Michalak, A. M., Dlugokencky, E., Tans, P. P., Shiga, Y. P., Mountain, M., Nehrkorn, T., Montzka, S. A., McKain, K., Kofler, J., Trudeau, M., Michel, S. E., Biraud, S. C., Fischer, M. L., Worthy, D. E. J., Vaughn, B. H., White, J. W. C., Yadav, V., Basu, S., van der Velde, I. R. 2019. Enhanced North American carbon uptake associated with El Nino. Science Advances. 5(6). DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw0076
Nehrkorn, T., Eluszkiewicz, J., Wofsy, S. C., Lin, J. C., Gerbig, C., Longo, M., Freitas, S. 2010. Coupled weather research and forecasting-stochastic time-inverted lagrangian transport (WRF-STILT) model. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics. 107(1-2), 51-64. DOI: 10.1007/s00703-010-0068-x
Yadav, V., Michalak, A. M. 2013. Improving computational efficiency in large linear inverse problems: an example from carbon dioxide flux estimation. Geoscientific Model Development. 6(3), 583-590. DOI: 10.5194/gmd-6-583-2013
Gourdji, S. M., Hirsch, A. I., Mueller, K. L., Yadav, V., Andrews, A. E., Michalak, A. M. 2010. Regional-scale geostatistical inverse modeling of North American CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes: a synthetic data study. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 10(13), 6151-6167. DOI: 10.5194/acp-10-6151-2010
Gourdji, S. M., Mueller, K. L., Yadav, V., Huntzinger, D. N., Andrews, A. E., Trudeau, M., Petron, G., Nehrkorn, T., Eluszkiewicz, J., Henderson, J., Wen, D., Lin, J., Fischer, M., Sweeney, C., Michalak, A. M. 2012. North American CO<sub>2</sub> exchange: inter-comparison of modeled estimates with results from a fine-scale atmospheric inversion. Biogeosciences. 9(1), 457-475. DOI: 10.5194/bg-9-457-2012
More details may be found in the following project profile(s):
